CLASS 10 GEOGRAPHY CHAPTER-1 IMPORTANT QUESTION

 CLASS 10 GEOGRAPHY MOST IMPORTANT QUESTION ANSWER

CHAPTER 1 RESOURCES AND DEVELOPMENT

BY AARISH SIR

 1. What do you understand by a ‘Resource’? Give examples.

Answer: Everything available in our environment which can be used to satisfy our needs, is called a resource. It should be technologically accessible, economically feasible and culturally acceptable. Only then, it can be termed as a ‘Resource’. Examples are: minerals, forests, fossil fuels etc.

2. “Resources are a function of human activities.” Justify this statement.

Answer: Mere presence of resources, as free gifts of nature, does not make them resources. Human beings are essential components of resources because they transform material available in our environment into resources. The utility of resources depends on the stage of cultural development of man and the tools and technology used by him.

3. Write the classification of resources on four different bases.

Answer: Resources can be classified in the following four ways:

(a) On the basis of Origin:

·         Biotic

·         Abiotic

(b) On the basis of exhaustibility:

·         Renewable

·         Non-renewable

(c) On the basis of ownership:

·         Individual (Personal)

·         Community

·         National

·         International

(d) On the basis of status and development:

·         Potential

·         Developed

·         Reserve

·         Stock

4. Explain the classification of resources on the basis of origin and give one example of each.

Answer: On the basis of origin, resources can be classified as Biotic and Abiotic.
Biotic Resources are obtained from the biosphere. They have life or are living resources, e.g., human beings, fisheries, forests, etc.
Abiotic Resources include all non-living things, e.g., rocks and minerals.

5. Classify the resources on the basis of exhaustibility and give two examples of each.

Answer: On the basis of exhaustibility, resources can be classified as: Renewable and Non-renewable.

Renewable Resources. The resources which can be renewed or reproduced by physical, chemical and mechanical processes are known as renewable or replenishable resources, e.g., water, wildlife, forests, solar energy, wind energy etc.

Non-renewable Resources. The resources which once get exhausted, cannot be remade. They take a long geological period of time, i.e., millions of years in their formation, e.g., minerals, fossil fuels etc.

6. Write two types of renewable resources and give one example of each type.

Answer: Two types of renewable resources are as follows:

1.    Continuous or Flow Resources, e.g., wind and water resources.

2.    Biological Resources, e.g., natural vegetation (forests) and wildlife.

7. Write two characteristics of non-renewable resources and write their two broad categories with examples.

Answer: Two characteristics of non-renewable resources:

1.    They cannot be recycled and get exhausted with their use.

2.    They take millions of years in their formation.

Two broad categories of non-renewable resources:

1.    Recyclable resources, e.g., metals.

2.    Non-recyclable resources, e.g., fossil fuels.

8. Give any two examples of non-renewable resources. Answer: Non-renewable resources are resources which once get exhausted, cannot be remade. They take a long geological period of time, i.e., millions of years, in their formation, e.g., minerals, fossil fuels, etc.

9. Explain four types of resources based on ownership and give one example of each type.

Answer: On the basis of ownership, there are four types of resources:

1.    Individual Resources. Resources, which are owned privately by individuals, e.g., farmers own
pieces of land or houses. Plantation, pasture lands, water in wells are some resources owned by individuals.

2.    Community Owned Resources. These resources are accessible to all the members of the community, e.g., village ponds, public parks, playgrounds in urban areas are accessible to all the residents of that area.

3.    National Resources. All the resources within the political boundary of a nation including the territorial water (oceanic area upto 12 nautical miles from the coast) extending into the ocean and resources therein belong to the nation, e.g., all minerals, forests, wildlife, water resources, land etc.

4.    International Resources. There are international institutions which own and regulate some resources, e.g., The oceanic resources beyond 200 km of the Exclusive Economic Zone belong to the open ocean and no individual country can utilise these without the concurrence of international institutions.

10. Distinguish between the following:
1. Potential and Developed Resources;
2. Stock and Reserves.

Answer:
1. Potential Resources. Resources which are found in a region, but have not been utilised, e.g. Gujarat and Rajasthan have a lot of potential for the development of wind and solar energy, but so far they have not been developed fully.
Developed Resources. Resources which are surveyed and their quality and quantity have been determined for utilisation. The development of resources depends on technology and level of their feasibility, e.g., water resources used for hydel power generation or irrigation purposes.

2. Stock. Materials in the environment, which have the potential to satisfy human needs but man does not have the appropriate technology to access them are included among stock, e.g. water is a compound of two inflammable gases: hydrogen and oxygen, which can be used as a rich Source of energy. But we do not have the required technical know-how to use them for this purpose. Reserves. Reserves are the subset of the stock, which can be put into use with the help of existing technical ‘know-how’ but their full use has been postponed for meeting the future needs, e.g., forest reserves, iron-ore reserves, water in the dams etc.