HISTORY ALL CHAPTERS IMPORTANT

CLASS 10 HISTORY IMPs

1. The Rise of Nationalism in Europe

2. Nationalism in India

3. The Making of a Global World

4. The Age of Industrialisation

5. Print Culture and the Modern World

CHAPTER 1: THE RISE OF NATIONALISM IN EUROPE

1. What were the main features of the French Revolution?

Answer:

• End of monarchy and privileges

• Declaration of Rights of Man

• Spread of nationalism in Europe

• Formation of a constitutional government

2. Who was Giuseppe Mazzini? Why is he famous?

Answer:

• He was an Italian revolutionary.

• Founded Young Italy and Young Europe.

• Inspired the unification of Italy through nationalism.

3. Explain the unification of Germany.

Answer:

• Led by Otto von Bismarck, Prussian Prime Minister.

• Achieved through three wars (against Denmark, Austria, France).

• Kaiser William I declared emperor in 1871.

4. What is the meaning of Nationalism?

Answer:
Nationalism is a sense of unity and loyalty towards one’s nation, encouraging people to share a common identity, culture, language, and history.

CHAPTER 2 NATIONALISM IN INDIA

1. What were the main causes of the Non-Cooperation Movement?

Answer:

• Jallianwala Bagh Massacre

• Rowlatt Act (1919)

• Discontent after WW1

• Khilafat issue

• Economic hardships

2. Why did Gandhiji withdraw the Non-Cooperation Movement?

Answer:
Because of the Chauri Chaura incident (1922) where a violent clash led to the burning of a police station. Gandhi believed the movement was turning violent.

3. What is Satyagraha?

Answer:
A method of non-violent resistance started by Mahatma Gandhi based on truth, non-violence, and civil disobedience.

4. Describe the Salt March (Dandi March).

Answer:

• Started on 12 March 1930.

• Gandhi walked 240 km from Sabarmati Ashram to Dandi.

• Broke the salt law as a symbol of protest.

• Started the Civil Disobedience Movement.

CHAPTER 3: THE MAKING OF A GLOBAL WORLD

1. What was the Silk Route?

Answer:
Ancient trade routes linking Asia, Europe, and Africa.
Goods like silk, spices, and precious metals were exchanged, promoting cultural interactions.

2. What were the effects of the Industrial Revolution on the world?

Answer:

• Increase in production

• Rise of factories

• Migration of workers

• Global demand for raw materials

3. Write any two consequences of the First World War.

Answer:

• Huge loss of life and property

• Political instability in Europe

• Rise of the US as an economic power

• Harsh Treaty of Versailles on Germany

4. How did the Great Depression affect the world?

Answer:

• Decline in production and employment

• Fall in agricultural prices

• Global poverty increased

• Countries started protecting their economies

CHAPTER 4: THE AGE OF INDUSTRIALISATION

1. Why did industries start late in India?

Answer:

• British colonial policies

• Lack of capital and technology

• Competition from machine-made goods

• Decline of handicrafts

2. Who were the Gomasthas?

Answer:
Agents of the East India Company who collected goods and supervised weavers. They often forced weavers to sell at lower prices.

3. What is Proto-industrialisation?

Answer:
A phase before factories when production was carried out on a small scale at home with simple tools, mainly for export markets.

4. Name two early industrialists of India.

Answer:

• Jamsetji Tata

• Dwarkanath Tagore

CHAPTER 5: PRINT CULTURE AND THE MODERN WORLD

1. Who invented the printing press?

Answer:
Johannes Gutenberg in the 1430s (Europe).

2. How did print culture spread education?

Answer:

• Books became cheaper

• Literacy increased

• Ideas of science, politics, and religion spread

• Encouraged debates and discussions

3. What were the effects of printing on the French Revolution?

Answer:

• Spread new ideas of equality and liberty

• Criticised monarchy and social orders

• Created public awareness

4. Why were some people against printed books?

Answer:

• Fear that common people will question authority

• Threat to religion and monarchy

• Spread of rebellious ideas